It is found in the germanic countries, and Switzerland
The term cadastre (term occitan from the Greek medieval κατάστιχον), or a word related etymologically, is found in many languages
Although dictionaries French call cadastre a register listing the status of land ownership of a territory, the term cadastre, which also applies sometimes to the computerized systems for the same purpose, the organization is responsible to maintain these documents or information systems, or even to the field work leading to the formation of these documents or information systems.
By extension, one also speaks of cadastre solar cadastres of emissions or issuers of pollution, or land register (green) (a term denoting sometimes the planning documents related to the green weft or the cartographic analysis of plant tissue urban). Know the extent and the nature of the property of each, in making the assessment, is very fast as necessary in order to fairly allocate the contribution of land tenure. This is the origin of the institution of the cadastre, dating back to the highest Antiquity. C. and giving the plan side, the area, the description of a group of parcels, has been found at Telloh in the Desert of Arabia. Among the Etruscans, the cadastre is one of the ritual actions and religious demarcation of the founding of the cities and boundaries of properties, of the practices listed in the Etrusca disciplina. In the Middle Ages, the land registry has for object the establishment of the size in the provinces. Records descriptions and estimates of the property, among other things called polyptych, pouillé, book terrier, censier, cartulaire ecclesiastical accompanied sometimes of the elemental planes, the quality is very variable according to the regions, giving information on the status parcel: surfaces, owners, references to the article in the censif and fiefdoms involved. In France, until the revolution of, the land registry retains a largely local in character in spite of various attempts, such as the teresian cadastre. Charles VII, Louis XIV, Louis XV, considering in turn the project of a land registry regular basis of a tax system that is coherent and regular.
But the shortage of finance, lack of instruments and methodologies, the resistance of the great vassals, the disparity of the provinces are fail these attempts.
The cadastre, such as France, well-known, unique and centralized, the date of the fifteen of September, when the law decided that it would be done by means of geometrical measurements because the attempt to draw up a cadastre general of taxable properties dating back to the st December, based on tentative calculations of the committee of taxation on land and then on the simple declaration of the property owners, did not meet fully the purpose that it is intended to achieve.
If the map of the sardis of the Duchy of Savoy sometimes go to be the first cadastre chart european in the Eighteenth century, this kind of document is actually older.
In Burgundy, Jean Royhier sign plans in (Noiron-sous-Gevrey and Thorey-en-Plaine") as the darpenteur juror of the city of Dijon'.
This know-how shines on the French part of Switzerland, where we meet shortly after the first surveyor, Abraham Dubois and Pierre Rebeur, the authors of the cadastral plans of Denens, Villars-sous-Yens, Denges and Lausanne to.
This chief town of geneva is the first Swiss city to have such a systematic survey.
In some countries, is a land specific to agriculture
These early plans, the so-called 'in view', are still drawn in a schematic manner by the commissioners in charge of the renovation of land and property rights. These early graphics were mostly intended to clarify the 'big awards', thick ledgers in which are detailed the position and the charges that occur each plot. The first cadastral plans of geometric, that is to say, specific, make their appearance at the same time, especially with the plan of the town of Coppet, to, which can be attributed to the Dutch engineer Maximilien d'yvoy. This extraordinary document above for more than half a century the famous cadastral plan of the city of Geneva, by the architect Jean-Michel Billon, who works under the the direction of the engineer Jacques-Barthélemy Micheli du Crest. The land register provides prima facie evidence of the property and acquired rights on it. In France, due to the annexation by Germany of Alsace and the Moselle between and, the three departments of Bas-Rhin, Haut-Rhin and Moselle have a cadastre legal connection with the land book, a provision maintained in its local law. Cadastre legal gives the force of law to the boundaries of a property (it formalizes the coordinates of the vertices of the plot). It corresponds to a regime of real (real rights that are the property, the mortgage, the area, long lease) of the property and not to a personal diet. The"cadastre"is often the name of both the document and the administrative department who deals with it. It is, for example, in Angola managed by a service cadastre agricole (SCA), in collaboration with the national Directorate of agricultural hydraulics and rural engineering (DNHAER) and with the service of hydraulic studies (HES), within the Ministry of agriculture and rural development (MINADER). It is usually a tool of decision support for agricultural infrastructure that seeks to optimize the management of soil and water (irrigation, drainage, hydraulic and agricultural), crops, livestock, erosion, etc, We also speak sometimes (improperly.) cadastre-ecological (ex"cadastre of ecological vines"in Hungarian) about documents describing the resorts environmental and soil corresponding to the potential of the soils for certain crops. In Europe, the concept of cadastre in agricultural may designate the agricultural part of the land registration, which tends since the s to be digitized into a GIS. The cadastre of solar allows to evaluate the solar potential of buildings at the scale of a territory, often a city or community of municipalities. In France, more and more cities to make available land solar online at: Lyon district, Ste-Blandine, in, Paris in, Annecy in, Brest Métropole in, Bordeaux in. Some communities have developed a land register ("cadastre"green) specific for green spaces and that possibly (as for the urban community of Dunkerque in the years) incorporates elements of surveillance of the network of ecological corridors. The term cadastre-green can also be applied to the cadastre of potential vegetation of the roofs (as for Annecy, see the Geoportal dedicated). The basis for the land tax, in Belgium, China, Côte d'ivoire, Spain, France, Mongolia and Portugal.
It existed since the Middle Ages in the French-speaking Belgium (around Liège and Namur) acts cadastral called cerclemenage, aimed at the demarcation of the properties and, in particular, of the lordships. There are several variants of this term The belgian cadastre is originally from the cadastre French until, the date of the revolution and of the constitution of Belgium.
At the beginning, the young directors of the belgian cadastre has continued to follow up on the decisions taken under the napoleonic régime. It is as well that were created between and, the plans cadastral primitive. In the aftermath of the First world War, some common to germanic languages (comprising the cantons commonly named cantons rédimés) were annexed to Belgium. In these municipalities, the archives of the cadastre there are ancient documents called 'Plans black' from the cadastre German. Following the reform Coperfin, the cadastre became part of the general Administration of heritage Documentation, which, although still part of the federal public Service Finance, has a vocation of less tax. The cadastre congolese is still organized according to such principles in effect for during the colonial period. Therefore, of the disputes relate to land files. The five April the Department of Land Affairs has signed a contract of the PPP with a belgian company, having as object the digitization of the national land registry.
But, until today, the congolese State refuses to execute the contract is signed by its own minister.
The company Borgerweert (DRC) in Kinshasa continues the execution of the project.
